{"id":3134,"date":"2023-07-21T15:40:02","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T08:40:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/?p=3134"},"modified":"2023-07-21T15:51:03","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T08:51:03","slug":"cac-phuong-phap-dieu-tri-benh-lao-phan-1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/2023\/07\/21\/cac-phuong-phap-dieu-tri-benh-lao-phan-1-2\/","title":{"rendered":"[C\u00c1C PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P \u0110I\u1ec0U TR\u1eca B\u1ec6NH LAO (PH\u1ea6N 1\/2)]"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd t\u00ecm c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u, ra m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, g\u1ea7y s\u00fat c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ho, kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm, ho ra m\u00e1u, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+ Nhu\u1ed9m soi \u0111\u1eddm tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u00ecm AFB
+ X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert MTB\/RIF (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3)
+ Nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y t\u00ecm vi khu\u1ea9n lao
+ X-quang ph\u1ed5i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\"\u2705\" Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1ecb lao. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu l\u00e0: isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, ethambutol. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao h\u00e0ng 2: kanamycin, amikacin, capreomycin; nh\u00f3m fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin\u00ae, Moxifloxacin\u00ae, Gatifloxacin\u00ae, Ciprofloxacin\u00ae, Ofloxacin\u00ae) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ra \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u2705\" Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y lan b\u1ec7nh lao ra c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Sau kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd kh\u00e1 l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 6 th\u00e1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn 8 th\u00e1ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n vi khu\u1ea9n lao trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sinh ho\u1ea1t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c lao c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n lao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\"\u26a1\ufe0f\" Thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: Bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, ng\u1ee9a … l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u1eb9 n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c (nh\u00ecn m\u1edd), gi\u1ea3m th\u00ednh l\u1ef1c (nghe k\u00e9m), \u0111au kh\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y v\u00e0ng m\u1eaft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 ngay. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai v\u1eabn an to\u00e0n, n\u00ean ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang mang thai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Streptomycin v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ebfc cho thai nhi. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00e1nh mang thai trong khi khi \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 thai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u26a1\ufe0f\" Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho con b\u00fa, nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t h\u00e3n h\u1eefu. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao. N\u00ean u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c sau khi cho con b\u00fa v\u00e0 cho tr\u1ebb b\u00fa chai v\u00e0o l\u1ea7n b\u00fa ti\u1ebfp theo sau khi u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean cho con b\u00fa n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao s\u1ebd qua s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng lao trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00ean d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp OPFE.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd t\u00ecm c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u, ra m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, g\u1ea7y s\u00fat c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ho, kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm, ho ra m\u00e1u, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":3135,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[260,267],"class_list":["post-3134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-suc-khoe","tag-benh-lao","tag-dieu-tri-benh-lao"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3134"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3136,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134\/revisions\/3136"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opfe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}